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THE OHIO POLL

Project Report For: OHIO DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES COUNCIL

by Kimberly Downing, Ph.D. - Institute for Policy Research University of Cincinnati - December, 1999

CONTENTS

I. Introduction

II. Knowledge and Awareness of Developmental Disabilities

III. Ohioans Attitudes About Developmental Disabilities

IV. Importance of Programs for People with Developmental Disabilities

V. Integrating People with Developmental Disabilities into Communities, Workplaces and Schools

VI. Conclusions

Appendix A: Detailed Tabular Results

Appendix B: Technical Report

Appendix C: Questionnaire

Appendix D: Open-End Codes

I. INTRODUCTION

The University of Cincinnati's Institute for Policy Research (IPR) surveyed a representative sample of adult residents of Ohio for the Ohio Developmental Disabilities Council as part of the October 1999 Ohio Poll. The primary purpose of the questions was to determine Ohioans= knowledge, awareness, and attitudes about developmental disabilities. Eight hundred and seventy (870) randomly selected Ohio adults were interviewed for the October 1999 Ohio Poll. This report summarizes the results of the 14 questions sponsored by the Ohio Developmental Disabilities Council. Appendix A contains detailed tabular breakdowns of responses to the questions. Significant variations between different demographic groups are noted in the text.

Eight hundred and seventy (870) randomly selected Ohio adults were interviewed for the survey. Interviews were conducted by telephone between October 13 and November 2, 1999 by a centrally supervised interviewing staff at the Institute for Policy Research. The sampling error for the survey is "3.3 percent. In 95 of 100 cases, the statewide estimates will be accurate to plus or minus 3.3 percent of the result that would have been obtained if all adult residents of the state were interviewed. Results reported for subgroups have potential for somewhat larger variation than those for the entire population. Appendix B provides a full description of sampling and interviewing procedures. The questionnaire can be found in Appendix C.

II. KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES

Seventy-two percent of Ohioans say they know what a developmental disability is, while 28 percent say they do not know what a developmental disability is (Table 1, Chart 1).

Table 1: Do you feel you know what a developmental disability is?

Answer Percent
Yes72.3%
No24.6%
Not Sure/Don't Know3.1

(N=845)

  • Ohio residents 30 to 45 years of age and college graduates are most likely to say they feel they know what a developmental disability is.
  • African-American residents, those from single adult households, and those from households with incomes of $20,000 or less are least likely to say they know what a developmental disability is.

Ohioans who say they know what a developmental disability is were asked the following question: When you think about people with developmental disabilities what developmental disability comes to mind? Twenty-three percent of residents mention mental retardation as a developmental disability that comes to mind (Table 2, Chart 2). Eleven percent of residents mention slow learners or learning disabilities. Nine percent of residents say a developmental disability is someone who is mentally or physically disabled while nine percent mention physical impairment as a developmental disability that comes to their mind. Six percent of Ohioans specifically mention Down's syndrome, while six percent mention dyslexia.

Table 2: When you think about people with developmental disabilities what developmental disability comes to mind? (Asked of respondents who say they know what a developmental disability is)

Disability Percent
Mental retardation 23.0%
Autism 2.2
Blindness 1.9
Cerebral palsy 2.3
Down's syndrome 6.1
Other developmental disabilities (Including deafness, spina bifida, and muscular dystrophy) 1.4
Mentally or physically disabled 9.1
Slow learner/learning disabilities 11.4
Dyslexia 6.2
ADD/ADHD 4.0
Physical impairment8.8
Can not care for self 3.9
Mental illness 1.8
Multiple sclerosis 1.6
Other 12.7
None/Nothing .4
Don't Know 3.2

(N= 607)

Nineteen percent of Ohioans say they know a great deal about people with developmental disabilities, while 55 percent know some about this (Table 3, Chart 3). One-fourth of Ohio residents say they do not know much or nothing about people with developmental disabilities.

Table 3: Overall, how much do you feel you know about people with developmental disabilities ?

Answer Percent
A Great Deal 19.3%
Some 54.8
Not Much 22.5
Not At All 3.1
Don't Know .2

(N= 840)

  • Residents 65 years of age or older are those most likely to say they know not much or nothing at all about people with developmental disabilities.

Ohioans were asked if they personally know anyone with a developmental disability. Two-thirds of Ohioans, 69 percent, say they know someone with a developmental disability, while 31 percent do not know anyone with a developmental disability (Table 4, Chart 4).

Table 4: Do you personally know anyone with a developmental disability?

Answer Percent
Yes 68.7%
No 30.7
Don't Know .6

(N= 837)

  • Residents with at least some college education and those from households with incomes of $40,000 or more are most likely to say they personally know someone with a developmental disability.
  • Ohioans 65 years of age or older, residents from households with incomes of less than $20,000 and single adult households are least likely to say they know someone with a developmental disability.

Sixteen percent of Ohioans who say they personally know someone with a developmental disability say the person is an immediate family member (Table 5, Chart 5). An immediate family member includes a parent, child, sibling, spouse or self. Twenty-three percent of Ohioans who know someone with a developmental disability say this person is an extended family member, including grandparents, grandchildren, aunts and uncles, cousins, and nieces and nephews. Over one-third of Ohioans, 36 percent, who know someone with a developmental disability say the person they know is a friend. A total of 20 percent of these Ohioans say the person they know with developmental disabilities is either a neighbor, co-worker or classmate, or an acquaintance. Four percent of residents say they work with people with developmental disabilities.

Table 5: What is your relationship to this person? (Asked of respondents who say they personally know someone with developmental disabilities)

Answer Percent
Immediate family member (parent, child, sibling, spouse or self) 16.1%
Extended family member 23.0
Friend 36.2
Neighbor 7.2
Co-worker/classmate 6.4
Acquaintance 6.2
Patients/clients/work with someone with DD 3.9
Other .9

(N= 575)

III. OHIOANS ATTITUDES ABOUT DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES

Survey respondents were asked whether they approve or disapprove of Ohio spending more money for providing assistance to people with developmental disabilities and their families. A substantial majority of Ohioans, 80 percent, say they approve of Ohio spending more money than it is now for providing assistance to people with developmental disabilities and their families (Table 6, Chart 6). Nine percent say they disapprove, either strongly disapprove or disapprove somewhat of Ohio spending more money for providing assistance to people with developmental disabilities and their families.

Table 6: Would you approve or disapprove of Ohio spending more money than it is now for providing assistance to people with developmental disabilities and their families?

Answer Percent
Strongly Approve 51.1%
Approve Somewhat 29.0
Disapprove Somewhat 7.8
Strongly Disapprove 1.6
Depends (Volunteered) 6.6
Don't Know 4.0

(N= 828)

  • Although a majority of residents approve, either strongly approve or approve somewhat of Ohio spending more money for providing assistance to people with developmental disabilities and their families, African-American residents and those who did not complete high school are most likely to say they strongly approve of this statement.

REASONS FOR APPROVING SPENDING MORE MONEY ON ASSISTANCE TO PEOPLE WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES AND THEIR FAMILIES

The most frequently mentioned reasons for approving of Ohio spending more money on assistance to people with developmental disabilities and their families include: They need help and support (24%), We don't do enough now (8%), To help better the lives of people with developmental disabilities (6%), Families and care-givers need help with costs (5%), and based on personal experience (5%) (Table 7).

REASONS FOR DISAPPROVING SPENDING MORE MONEY ON ASSISTANCE TO PEOPLE WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES AND THEIR FAMILIES

Ohioans give few reasons for disapproving of Ohio spending more money on assistance to people with developmental disabilities and their families. Four percent of Ohioans say they receive enough money now, while 1 percent say the programs are already sufficiently funded (Table 7).

Table 7: Why do you approve/disapprove of Ohio spending more money than it is now for providing assistance to people with developmental disabilities and their families?

Approve Percent
They need help/need support 23.6%
We don't do enough now 7.6
To help better their lives/they deserve a chance 5.6
Families/care-givers need help with costs 5.2
Personal experience 5.1
To help with high costs 4.9
Create programs to help them 3.4
It is difficult for the family3.3
Would be money well-spent 3.1
Moral/obligation/right thing to do 2.8
Some unable to work/need to survive 2.5
They can't take care of themselves 2.4
For medical costs 2.3
Government should look out for them 1.9
Need help with housing 1.4
Need to train people with disabilities 1.3
Other --Approve 5.7
Disapprove Percent
They receive enough money now/don't need it 3.5
Program are already sufficiently funded 1.2
Other -- Disapprove 3.1
Don't know how much money they spend now 1.4
No Reason .1
Other 7.8
Don't Know 1.0

(N= 828)

IV. IMPORTANCE OF PROGRAMS FOR PEOPLE WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES

Respondents were asked to indicate the level of importance for Ohio to fund or make decisions about five different programs for people with developmental disabilities. These five program areas include:

  • Assist individuals with developmental disabilities to live as independently as possible in their own communities;
  • Provide services and financial supports to families of children with developmental disabilities who live at home;
  • Provide services and financial supports to families of adults with developmental disabilities who live at home;
  • Increase the opportunity for children with developmental disabilities to be educated in regular classrooms with children who do not have disabilities; and
  • To eliminate lengthy waiting lists for people with developmental disabilities to obtain needed services.

Sixty-one percent of Ohioans say it is very important for Ohio to fund programs to assist individuals with developmental disabilities to live as independently as possible in their own communities (Table 8, Chart 7). Thirty-four percent say this issue is somewhat important. Only four percent say this issue is either not very important or not at all important.

Table 8: How important is it for Ohio to fund programs to . . . Assist individuals with developmental disabilities to live as independently as possible in their own communities?

How Important Percent
Very Important 60.7%
Somewhat Important 34.3
Not Very Important 2.2
Not At All Important 1. 5
Don't Know 1.2

(N= 827)

  • A majority of most demographic and geographic groups say it is very important for Ohio to fund programs to assist individuals with developmental disabilities to live as independently as possible in their own communities.
  • African-American residents (82%) are most likely to say this issue is very important.
  • Female residents (66%) are more likely than male residents (55%) to say this issue is very important.
  • Ohioans who know someone with developmental disabilities (67%) are more likely than those who do not know someone (47%) to say this issue is very important.

A majority of Ohioans, 62 percent, say it is very important for Ohio to fund programs to provide services and financial supports to families of children with developmental disabilities who live at home (Table 9, Chart 8). One-third of Ohio residents say this issue is somewhat important, while only four percent think this is either not very important or not at all important.

Table 9: How important is it for Ohio to fund programs to . . . Provide services and financial supports to families of children with developmental disabilities who live at home?

How Important Percent
Very Important 62.0%
Somewhat Important 33.5
Not Very Important 3.0
Not At All Important .7
Don't Know .8

(N= 825)

  • Although a majority of most demographic and geographic groups say it is very important for Ohio to fund programs to provide services and financial supports to families of children with developmental disabilities who live at home, African-American residents (80%) and those who did not complete high school (76%) are most likely to say this issue is very important.
  • Female residents (67%) are more likely than male residents (57%) to say it is very important to provide services and financial supports to families of children with developmental disabilities who live at home.
  • Ohioans who know someone with developmental disabilities (65%) are somewhat more likely than those who do not know someone (55%) to say this issue is very important.

Over one-half of Ohio residents, 56 percent, say it is very important for Ohio to fund programs to provide services and financial supports to families of adults with developmental disabilities who live at home (Table 10, Chart 9). Thirty-nine percent of Ohioans say these programs are somewhat important, while only four percent say these programs are either not very important or not at all important@ for Ohio to fund.

Table 10: How important is it for Ohio to fund programs to . . . Provide services and financial supports to families of adults with developmental disabilities who live at home?

How Important Percent
Very Important 56.0%
Somewhat Important 39.4
Not Very Important 2.9
Not At All Important 1.0
Don't Know .8

(N= 825)

  • Although a majority of most demographic and geographic groups say it is very important for Ohio to fund programs to provide services and financial supports to families of adults with developmental disabilities who live at home, African-American residents (76%) and those who did not complete high school (80%) are most likely to say this issue is very important.
  • Female residents (62%) are more likely than male residents (49%) to say it is very important to provide services and financial supports to families of adults with developmental disabilities who live at home.
  • Ohioans who know someone with developmental disabilities (59%) are somewhat more likely than those who do not know someone (49%) to say this issue is very important.

Four-in-ten Ohioans say it is very important for Ohio to increase the opportunity for children with developmental disabilities to be educated in regular classrooms with children who do not have disabilities (Table 11, Chart 10). Thirty-five percent say this is somewhat important. Twenty-three percent of Ohio residents think increasing the opportunity for children with developmental disabilities to be educated in classrooms with children who do not have disabilities is not very important or not at all important.

Table 11: How important is it for Ohio to fund programs to . . . Increase the opportunity for children with developmental disabilities to be educated in regular classrooms with children who do not have disabilities?

How Important Percent
Very Important 38.9%
Somewhat Important 35.0
Not Very Important 12.5
Not At All Important 10.3
Don't Know 3.3

(N= 818)

  • Ohioans from households with lower incomes and those who did not complete high school are most likely to say this issue is very important.
  • Ohio residents 65 years of age or older are least likely to say it is very important for Ohio to fund programs to increase the opportunity for children with developmental disabilities to be educated in regular classrooms with children who do not have disabilities.

A substantial majority of Ohioans, 71 percent, say it is very important for Ohio to eliminate lengthy waiting lists for people with developmental disabilities to obtain needed services (Table 12, Chart 11). Twenty-five percent of residents say this issue is somewhat important. Only three percent say this issue is not very important or not at all important.

Table 12: How important is it for Ohio . . . To eliminate lengthy waiting lists for people with developmental disabilities to obtain needed services?

How Important Percent
Very Important 70.%
Somewhat Important 25.2
Not Very Important 1.8
Not At All Important .7
Don't Know 1.6

(N= 817)

  • Although a majority of all demographic and geographic groups say it is very important@ to eliminate lengthy waiting lists for people with developmental disabilities to obtain needed services, African-American residents (92%) and those who live in the Northwest region of Ohio (80%) are most likely to say this issue is very important.
  • Although Ohio residents 65 years of age or older are least likely to say this issue is very important, a majority of these residents (61%) still say eliminating lengthy waiting lists is very important.
  • Female residents (75%) are more likely than male residents (66%) to say this issue is very important and those who say they know someone with a developmental disability (76%) are more likely than those who do not know someone (60%) to say eliminating waiting lists is very important.

IMPORTANCE OF PROGRAMS FOR PEOPLE WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES

This section presents ratings of the various programs for people with developmental disabilities asked in the survey. Respondents were asked the importance of five different items on a four-point scale which ranged from not at all important to very important. Table 13 presents these importance ratings and Chart 12 presents the same information graphically.

Of the five different items asked on the survey, eliminating lengthy waiting lists for people with developmental disabilities was rated highest in importance by Ohio residents. Seventy-one percent of Ohioans rate this item very important. More than 60 percent of Ohio residents say providing services and financial supports to families of children with developmental disabilities who live at home and assisting individuals with developmental disabilities to live independently are very important for Ohio to fund. Over half, 56 percent, of residents rate providing services and financial supports to families of adults with developmental disabilities as very important. Thirty-nine percent of Ohio residents say increasing opportunities for children with developmental disabilities to be educated in regular classrooms with children who do not have disabilities is very important.

Table 13: Importance of Programs for People with Developmental Disabilities

Program % Saying Very Important
To eliminate lengthy waiting lists for people with developmental disabilities to obtain needed services. 70.7%
Provide services and financial supports to families of children with developmental disabilities who live at home. 62.0
Assist individuals with developmental disabilities to live as independently as possible in their own communities. 60.7
Provide services and financial supports to families of adults with developmental disabilities who live at home. 56.0
Increase the opportunity for children with developmental disabilities to be educated in regular classrooms with children who do not have disabilities. 38.9

V. INTEGRATING PEOPLE WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES INTO COMMUNITIES, WORKPLACES AND SCHOOLS

Over one-half of Ohio residents, 54 percent, say they have heard or read a great deal or some about integrating people with developmental disabilities into communities, workplaces and schools (Table 14, Chart 13). Twenty-two percent of residents have heard not much and 24 percent say they have heard nothing at all about this issue.

Table 14: Have you heard or read about integrating people with developmental disabilities into communities, workplaces and schools?

Heard or Read Percent
A Great Deal 14.9%
Some 38.6
Not Much 22.2
Nothing At All 23.8
Don't Know .4

(N= 822)

  • College graduates, African-American residents, and those who know someone with developmental disabilities are most likely to say they have heard or read a great deal about integrating people with developmental disabilities into communities, workplaces and schools.
  • Residents 18 to 29 years of age, those 65 years of age or older, male residents, those who did not complete high school, residents from households with lower incomes, residents of the Southeast region, and those from the Southwest region are those most likely to say they have heard nothing at all about the integration of people with developmental disabilities into communities, workplaces and schools.

Survey respondents were asked whether they agree or disagree with the following statement: People with developmental disabilities should be included with others who live in their community, go to work and attend school.

A majority of Ohio residents, 85 percent, agree with the statement that people with developmental disabilities should be included with others who live in their community, go to work and attend school (Table 15, Chart 14). Fifty-one percent of Ohioans say they strongly agree with this statement, while 33 percent say they agree somewhat. Only nine percent disagree with the statement.

Table 15: Agree or Disagree with Statement: People with developmental disabilities should be included with others who live in their community, go to work and attend school.

Agree or Not Percent
Strongly Agree 51.2%
Agree Somewhat 33.4
Disagree Somewhat 7.0
Strongly Disagree 1.5
Don= t Know .7

(N= 816)

  • Ohioans 30 to 45 years of age, African-American residents and female residents are most likely to strongly agree that people with developmental disabilities should be included with others who live in their community, go to work and attend school.
  • Residents 65 years of age or older are least likely to say they strongly agree with this statement.

VI. CONCLUSIONS

The major conclusions that can be drawn from this study include:

  1. Seventy-two percent of Ohioans say they know what a developmental disability is. Mental retardation and learning disabilities are the developmental disabilities Ohioans think of most often when asked what developmental disability comes to mind.
  2. Over one-half of Ohioans, 55 percent, say they know at least some about people with developmental disabilities. Nineteen percent of Ohioans say they know a great deal.
  3. Over two-thirds of Ohio residents say they personally know someone with a developmental disability. Nearly four-in-ten of these residents say the person they know with a developmental disability is either an immediate family member or an extended family member. Over one-third of those who know someone with a developmental disability say the person is a friend.
  4. Eighty percent of Ohioans approve, either strongly approve or approve somewhat, of Ohio spending more money than it is now for providing assistance to people with developmental disabilities and their families. The main reason Ohio residents give for their approval is they need help and support.
  5. Over one-half of Ohio residents rate four of the five different programs for people with developmental disabilities asked on the survey as very important. More specifically, eliminating lengthy waiting lists for people with developmental disabilities to obtain needed services, providing services and financial supports to families of children with developmental disabilities who live at home, and assisting individuals with developmental disabilities to live as independently as possible in their own communities are rated as the most important of the five program areas. Over one-half of Ohioans rate providing services and financial supports to families of adults with developmental disabilities who live at home as very important. At the other end of the spectrum, increasing the opportunity for children with developmental disabilities to be educated in regular classrooms with children who do not have disabilities is rated as less important than the other program areas.
  6. Over one-half of Ohio residents have heard or read a great deal or some about integrating people with developmental disabilities into communities, workplaces and schools.
  7. A substantial majority of Ohio residents agree, either strongly agree or agree somewhat, that people with developmental disabilities should be included with others who live in their community, go to work and attend school.

Appendix A

Detailed Tabular Results

Not available in text version

Appendix B

Technical Report

How the Sample was Selected

A sample of households in Ohio was selected by a procedure known as random digit dialing (RDD). The way this works is as follows. First, with the aid of the computer, we randomly select one of the three-digit area codes in the state (e.g., 513). Next, the computer randomly selects one of the telephone prefixes which are currently used in the area (e.g., 772) and attaches it to the previously selected area code. The computer program randomly selects a two digit working block, the first two of the last four digits of a telephone number that the telephone company is currently using (e.g., 64). Finally, a two-digit random number between 00 and 99 (e.g., 57) which is attached to the previously selected working block (64), the selected prefix (772), and the selected area code (513) resulting in a complete telephone number --i. e., 513/772-6457. This procedure is then repeated numerous times by the computer to generate more random numbers, so that we have a sufficient quantity to conduct the survey. The end result is that each household in the area, in which there is a telephone, has an equally likely chance of being selected into the sample. The random sample used in the October 1999 Ohio Poll was purchased from Survey Sampling, Inc., Fairfield, Connecticut.

Each of these randomly generated telephone numbers is called by one of our interviewers from a centrally supervised facility at the Institute for Policy Research. If the number called is found not to be a residential one, it is discarded, and another random number is called. (Approximately fifty percent of the numbers are discarded because they are found to be businesses, institutions, or not assigned.) If it is a residential number, the interviewer then randomly selects a member of the household by asking to speak with the person currently living in the household who is age 18 or older and who has had the most recent birthday. This selection process ensures that every adult (18 years of age or older) in the household has an equally likely chance of being included in the survey. No substitutions are allowed. If, for example, the randomly selected adult is not at home when the household is first contacted, the interviewer cannot substitute by selecting someone else who just happens to be there at the time. Instead, he or she must make an appointment to call back when the randomly selected person is at home. In this way, respondent selection bias is minimized.

When the Interviewing was Done

Respondents in the Ohio Poll were interviewed between October 13 and November 2, 1999. The telephone calls during this period were all made between 9:00 AM and 10:00 PM, Monday through Friday; from 10:00 AM to 4:30 PM on Saturdays, and from 2:00 PM to 8:00 PM on Sundays.

After the interviews were completed, the open-ended questions were coded. Following this coding, the data analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS/PC+).

Sampling Error

The Ohio Poll, like all surveys, is subject to sampling error due to the fact that all residents in the area were not interviewed. For those questions asked of eight hundred (800) or so respondents, the error is 3.5%. For those asked of four hundred and fifty (450), it is 4.8%. For those questions where fewer than 450 persons responded, the sampling error can be calculated as follows:

Sampling error = (1.96) times P(1-P) divided by N

Where P is the percentage of responses in the answer category being evaluated and N is the total number of persons answering the particular question.

For example, suppose you had the following distribution of answers to the question, "Should the state spend more money on road repair even if that means higher taxes?" Assume 300 respondents answered the question as follows:

YES 47%
NO 48%
DON'T KNOW 5%

The sampling error for the "YES" percentage of 47% would be (1.96) times (47)(53) divided by 300 = 5.6%; for the "NO" percentage of 48% would be (1.96) times (48)(52) divided by 300 = 5.6%; and for the "DON'T KNOW" percentage of 5% would be (1.96) times (5)(95) divided by 300 = 2.5%.

In this case we would expect the true population figures to be within the following ranges:

YES 41.4% -52.6% (i.e., 47% 5.6%)
NO 42.4% -53.6% (i.e., 48% 5.6%)
DON'T KNOW 2.5% -7.5% (i.e., 5% 2.5%)

Weighting of the Data

To avoid biasing the sample in favor of households which can be reached through more than one telephone number, each case is weighted inversely to its probability of being included in the sample. In addition, the data are weighted to correct for sampling biases due to size of household (i. e., number of persons, aged 18 and over, living in the household). Finally, the data have been weighted to correct for potential sampling biases on age, race, sex, and region of residence, using U.S. Census data.

Weights for Data Analysis

Several weighting variables for the Ohio Poll data have been created and added to each data file. The first, HHWT, is the weight that adjusts for households that can be reached on more than one telephone number. This weight has been developed so that such households are weighted down, though the total number of cases is kept constant. THIS WEIGHT SHOULD BE APPLIED WHEN HOUSEHOLDS ARE THE DESIRED UNIT OF ANALYSIS.

The second weighting variable, INDWT, adjusts for the fact that the sampling unit in the survey was the household rather than the individual respondent. It also adjusts for the multiple telephone households. WHEN THE INDIVIDUAL IS THE APPROPRIATE UNIT OF ANALYSIS RATHER THAN THE HOUSEHOLD, THIS WEIGHT SHOULD BE USED.

All of the other weighting variables adjusts for under or over representation of various demographic groups in the population due to sampling variability. The degree of under or over representation is assessed by comparing the demographic data from our survey with the most recent population figures provided by the U. S. Bureau of the Census. We adjust for sampling biases on gender, age, race, education and county of residence. Compared to other demographic variables in our surveys, a number of people who refuse to report their income. Therefore, we are unable to make adequate adjustments for sampling biases on total family income. However, weighting for education, which tends to correlate significantly with income, compensates for this deficiency to a fair degree. So, too, do the adjustments for age and race.

CENSUSWT should be used for all analysis, as it incorporates all the weights discussed above.

Archiving of the Survey Data The data collected for the Ohio Developmental Disability Council are the property of the Ohio Developmental Disability Council. However, the University of Cincinnati requests that the data be released to the University so that scholars and all members of the community who might also benefit from the data may have access to them. The University is willing, though, to accept client-requested restrictions on access to the data--for example, client approval of the use of the data before they are released to a third party.

Appendix C

Questionnaire

This appendix contains the Ohio Developmental Disabilities Council questions used in the October 1999 Ohio Poll. - Not available in text version.

Appendix D

Open-End Codes

Not available in text version.

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